1. Overview of Key Cybersecurity Regulations
Description: Various regulations set forth requirements for protecting data and ensuring cybersecurity. Understanding these regulations helps organizations comply with legal standards and avoid potential penalties.
1.1. General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)
Description: GDPR is a comprehensive data protection regulation in the European Union that applies to organizations handling the personal data of EU citizens.
Key Requirements:
- Data Protection: Implement measures to protect personal data and ensure privacy.
- Consent: Obtain explicit consent from individuals for data collection and processing.
- Data Subject Rights: Provide rights to individuals regarding their data, including access, rectification, and erasure.
- Data Breach Notification: Notify authorities and affected individuals of data breaches within 72 hours.
1.2. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA)
Description: HIPAA is a U.S. regulation that protects the privacy and security of health information in the healthcare industry.
Key Requirements:
- Privacy Rule: Protect patient health information (PHI) and ensure confidentiality.
- Security Rule: Implement safeguards to protect electronic PHI (ePHI) from unauthorized access.
- Breach Notification Rule: Notify affected individuals and the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) of breaches involving ePHI.
1.3. California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA)
Description: CCPA is a California state law that provides privacy rights and consumer protection for residents of California.
Key Requirements:
- Data Access: Allow consumers to access, delete, and request information about their personal data.
- Opt-Out: Provide the option for consumers to opt-out of the sale of their personal data.
- Disclosure: Inform consumers about the types of data collected and the purposes for which it is used.
1.4. Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard (PCI-DSS)
Description: PCI-DSS is a set of security standards designed to protect payment card information and ensure secure transactions.
Key Requirements:
- Protect Cardholder Data: Implement measures to safeguard cardholder information and encryption.
- Maintain a Secure Network: Use firewalls, antivirus software, and secure network architecture.
- Monitor and Test Networks: Regularly test security systems and processes, and monitor access to cardholder data.
- Access Control: Restrict access to cardholder data and implement strong authentication methods.